macmpi
GitHub
commit
0d3694172a
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@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Please follow [Alpine Linux Wiki](https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Installation
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Tools provided here can be used on any plaform for any install modes (diskless, data disk, system disk).
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Just add [**headless.apkovl.tar.gz**](https://is.gd/apkovl_master)[^2] overlay file *as-is* at the root of Alpine Linux boot media (or onto any custom side-media) and boot-up the system.\
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With default DCHP-based network interface definitions (and [SSID/pass file](#extra-configuration) if using wifi), system can then be remotely accessed with: `ssh root@<IP>`\
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With default DCHP-based network interface definitions (and [SSID/pass](#extra-configuration) file if using wifi), system can then be remotely accessed with: `ssh root@<IP>`\
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(system IP address may be determined with any IP scanning tools such as `nmap`).
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As with Alpine Linux initial bring-up, `root` account has no password initially (change that during target setup!).\
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@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Extra files may be added next to `headless.apkovl.tar.gz` to customise boostrapp
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**Goody:** seamless USB-serial & USB-ethernet gadget mode (PiZero for instance):\
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On supporting Pi devices, just add `dtoverlay=dwc2,dr_mode=peripheral` in `usercfg.txt` (or `config.txt`), and plug USB cable into host Computer port.\
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Serial terminal can then be connected-to from host Computer (xon/xoff flow control: e.g. on Linux with `cu -l ttyACM0`).\
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Serial terminal can then be connected-to from host Computer (e.g. `cu -l ttyACM0` on Linux. xon/xoff flow control).\
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Alternatively, with host Computer set-up to share networking with USB interface as 10.42.0.1 gateway, one can log into device from host with: `ssh root@10.42.0.2`.
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Main execution steps are logged: `cat /var/log/messages | grep headless`.
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@ -44,7 +44,8 @@ Main execution steps are logged: `cat /var/log/messages | grep headless`.
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## Want to tweak more ?
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This repository may be forked/cloned/downloaded.\
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Main script file is [`headless.start`](https://github.com/macmpi/alpine-linux-headless-bootstrap/tree/main/overlay/usr/local/bin/headless_bootstrap).\
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Execute `./make.sh` to rebuild `headless.apkovl.tar.gz` after changes.
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Execute `./make.sh` to rebuild `headless.apkovl.tar.gz` after changes.\
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(requires `busybox`; check `busybox` build options if not running from Alpine or Ubuntu)
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## Credits
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Binary file not shown.
34
make.sh
34
make.sh
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@ -3,28 +3,34 @@
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# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022-2023, macmpi
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
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# script meant to be run on Alpine (busybox) or on Ubuntu
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# verify busybox build options if eventually using other platforms
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command -v doas > /dev/null || alias doas="/usr/bin/sudo"
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build_path="$(mktemp -d)"
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if [ -n "$build_path" ]; then
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cp -r overlay "$build_path"/.
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find "$build_path"/overlay/ -exec touch -md "$(date '+%F 00:00:00')" {} \;
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# setting owner/groups for runtime (won't affect mtime)
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# prefer timestamp option for touch as it works on directories too
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t_stamp="$( TZ=UTC date +%Y%m%d0000.00 )"
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cp -a overlay "$build_path"/.
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find "$build_path"/overlay/ -exec sh -c 'TZ=UTC touch -chm -t "$0" "$1"' "$t_stamp" {} \;
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# setting modes and owner/groups for runtime (won't affect mtime)
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find "$build_path"/overlay/etc -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
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chmod +x "$build_path"/overlay/etc/init.d/*
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find "$build_path"/overlay/usr -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
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chmod +x "$build_path"/overlay/usr/local/bin/*
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chmod 755 "$build_path"/overlay/etc/init.d/*
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chmod 755 "$build_path"/overlay/etc/runlevels/default/*
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chmod 777 "$build_path"/overlay/tmp
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chmod 700 "$build_path"/overlay/tmp/.trash
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chmod 600 "$build_path"/overlay/tmp/.trash/ssh_host_*_key
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doas chown -R 0:0 "$build_path"/overlay/*
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doas tar -cvf "$build_path"/headless.apkovl.tar -C "$build_path"/overlay etc usr tmp
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gzip -nk9 "$build_path"/headless.apkovl.tar && mv "$build_path"/headless.apkovl.tar.gz .
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touch -md "$(date '+%F 00:00:00')" headless.apkovl.tar.gz
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chmod -R 600 "$build_path"/overlay/tmp/.trash/ssh_host_*_key
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find "$build_path"/overlay/usr -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
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chmod 755 "$build_path"/overlay/usr/local/bin/*
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doas chown -Rh 0:0 "$build_path"/overlay/*
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# busybox config on Alpine & Ubuntu has FEATURE_TAR_GNU_EXTENSIONS
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# (will preserve user/group/modes & mtime) and FEATURE_TAR_LONG_OPTIONS
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# shellcheck disable=SC2046 # we want word splitting as result of find
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doas tar cv -C "$build_path"/overlay --no-recursion \
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$(doas find "$build_path"/overlay/ | sed "s|$build_path/overlay/||" | sort | xargs ) | \
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gzip -c9n > headless.apkovl.tar.gz
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TZ=UTC touch -cm -t "$t_stamp" headless.apkovl.tar.gz
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doas rm -rf "$build_path"
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fi
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@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
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# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2022-2023, macmpi
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
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HDLSBSTRP_VERSION="1.0"
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HDLSBSTRP_VERSION="1.1"
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_apk() {
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local cmd="$1"
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@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ _apk() {
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_preserve() {
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# create a back-up of element (file, folder, symlink)
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[ -z "${1}" ] && return 1
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[ -e "$1" ] && cp -a "$1" "${1}.orig"
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[ -e "${1}" ] && cp -a "${1}" "${1}".orig
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}
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_restore() {
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@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ _restore() {
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# previous back-up if available
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[ -z "${1}" ] && return 1
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rm -rf "${1}"
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[ -e "${1}.orig" ] && mv -f "${1}.orig" "${1}"
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[ -e "${1}".orig ] && mv -f "${1}".orig "${1}"
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}
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# shellcheck disable=SC2142 # known special case
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@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ cat <<-EOF >> /tmp/.trash/headless_cleanup
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rm -f /usr/local/bin/headless_bootstrap
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# Run unattended script if available
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install -m755 "${ovlpath}/unattended.sh" /tmp/headless_unattended > /dev/null 2>&1 && \
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install -m755 "${ovlpath}"/unattended.sh /tmp/headless_unattended > /dev/null 2>&1 && \
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_logger "Starting headless_unattended service" && \
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rc-service headless_unattended start
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@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ cat <<-EOF > /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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EOF
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# Client authorized_keys or no authentication
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if install -m600 "${ovlpath}/authorized_keys" /tmp/.trash/authorized_keys > /dev/null 2>&1; then
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if install -m600 "${ovlpath}"/authorized_keys /tmp/.trash/authorized_keys > /dev/null 2>&1; then
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_logger "Enabling public key SSH authentication..."
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cat <<-EOF >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config
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AuthenticationMethods publickey
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@ -161,58 +161,66 @@ _logger "Internet access: $status"
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_setup_networking() {
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## Setup Network interfaces
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if [ -d "/sys/class/net/wlan0" ] && [ -f "${ovlpath}/wpa_supplicant.conf" ]; then
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local has_wifi
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_has_wifi() { return "$has_wifi"; }
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find /sys/class/ieee80211/*/device/net/* -maxdepth 0 -type d -exec basename {} \; > /tmp/.wlan_list 2>/dev/null
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[ -s /tmp/.wlan_list ] && [ -f "${ovlpath}"/wpa_supplicant.conf ]
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has_wifi=$?
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if _has_wifi; then
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_logger "Configuring wifi..."
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_apk add wpa_supplicant
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_preserve "/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf"
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install -m600 "${ovlpath}/wpa_supplicant.conf" /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
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install -m600 "${ovlpath}"/wpa_supplicant.conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
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rc-service wpa_supplicant restart
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else
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_logger "No wifi interface or setup file supplied"
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_logger "No wifi interface or SSID/pass file supplied"
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fi
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_preserve "/etc/network/interfaces"
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if ! install -m644 "${ovlpath}/interfaces" /etc/network/interfaces > /dev/null 2>&1; then
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# set default interfaces if not specified by interface file on boot storage
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if ! install -m644 "${ovlpath}"/interfaces /etc/network/interfaces > /dev/null 2>&1; then
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_logger "No interfaces file supplied, building defaults..."
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cat <<-EOF > /etc/network/interfaces
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auto lo
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iface lo inet loopback
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EOF
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for dev in /sys/class/net/*; do
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dev="$(basename "$dev")"
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case ${dev%%[0-9]*} in
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# shellcheck disable=SC2034 # Unused IFINDEX while still sourced from uevent
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local DEVTYPE INTERFACE IFINDEX
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DEVTYPE=""
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# shellcheck source=/dev/null
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. "$dev"/uevent
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case ${INTERFACE%%[0-9]*} in
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lo)
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cat <<-EOF >> /etc/network/interfaces
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auto $dev
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iface $dev inet loopback
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EOF
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;;
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;;
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eth)
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cat <<-EOF >> /etc/network/interfaces
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auto $INTERFACE
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iface $INTERFACE inet dhcp
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EOF
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;;
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*)
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_has_wifi && grep -q "$INTERFACE" /tmp/.wlan_list && \
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cat <<-EOF >> /etc/network/interfaces
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auto $dev
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iface $dev inet dhcp
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auto $INTERFACE
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iface $INTERFACE inet dhcp
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EOF
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;;
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wlan)
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[ -f /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf ] && cat <<-EOF >> /etc/network/interfaces
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auto $dev
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iface $dev inet dhcp
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EOF
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[ "$DEVTYPE" = "gadget" ] && \
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cat <<-EOF >> /etc/network/interfaces && cat <<-EOF > /etc/resolv.conf
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auto $INTERFACE
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iface $INTERFACE inet static
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address 10.42.0.2/24
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gateway 10.42.0.1
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EOF
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;;
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usb)
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cat <<-EOF >> /etc/network/interfaces
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auto $dev
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iface $dev inet static
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address 10.42.0.2/24
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gateway 10.42.0.1
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EOF
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nameserver 208.67.222.222
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nameserver 208.67.220.220
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EOF
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cat <<-EOF > /etc/resolv.conf
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nameserver 208.67.222.222
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nameserver 208.67.220.220
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EOF
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;;
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EOF
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;;
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esac
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done
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fi
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@ -226,25 +234,31 @@ _preserve "/etc/hostname"
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echo "alpine-headless" > /etc/hostname
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hostname -F /etc/hostname
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grep -q "wlan" /etc/network/interfaces && \
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[ -f /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf ] && \
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rc-service wpa_supplicant restart
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rc-service networking restart
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rm -f /tmp/.wlan_list
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}
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_setup_gadget() {
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# load composite USB Serial/USB Ethernel driver & setup terminal
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## load composite USB Serial/USB Ethernel driver & setup terminal
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_logger "Enabling USB-gadget Serial and Ethernet ports"
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lsmod | grep -q "dwc2" || modprobe -qs dwc2
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modprobe -qs g_cdc
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# default config: xon/xoff flow control
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stty -g -F /dev/ttyGS0 >/dev/null 2>&1 && setconsole /dev/ttyGS0
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# remove conflicting modules in case they were initially loaded (cmdline.txt)
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modprobe -rq g_serial g_ether g_cdc
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modprobe -q g_cdc && sleep 1
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# once driver has settled check if cable is connected: unload if not
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[ "$( cat "$udc_gadget"/current_speed )" = "UNKNOWN" ] && \
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_logger "USB cable not connected !!" && modprobe -rq g_cdc && return 1
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# default serial config: xon/xoff flow control
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stty -g -F /dev/ttyGS0 >/dev/null 2>&1
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# notes to users willing to connect from Linux Ubuntu-based host terminal:
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# - user on host needs to be part of dialout group (reboot required), and
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# - disable spurious AT commands from ModemManager on host-side Gadget serial port
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# you may create a /etc/udev/rules.d/99-ttyacms-gadget.rules as per:
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# https://linux-tips.com/t/prevent-modem-manager-to-capture-usb-serial-devices/284/2
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# ATTRS{idVendor}=="0525" ATTRS{idProduct}=="a4aa", ENV{ID_MM_DEVICE_IGNORE}="1"
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setconsole /dev/ttyGS0
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}
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@ -258,9 +272,10 @@ _logger "Alpine Linux headless bootstrap v$HDLSBSTRP_VERSION by macmpi"
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# help randomness for wpa_supplicant and sshd (urandom until 3.16)
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rc-service seedrng restart || rc-service urandom restart
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# setup USB gadget mode if device has compatible device-tree
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find /proc/device-tree/soc/usb* -name "dr_mode" -print0 | \
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xargs -0 grep -q "peripheral" && _setup_gadget
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# setup USB gadget mode if such device mode is enabled
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udc_gadget="$( dirname "$( find -L /sys/class/udc/* -maxdepth 2 -type f -name "is_a_peripheral" 2>/dev/null)" )"
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[ "$( cat "$udc_gadget"/is_a_peripheral 2>/dev/null )" = "0" ] && \
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_setup_gadget
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# Determine ovl file location
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# grab used ovl filename from dmesg
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@ -293,10 +308,10 @@ _setup_networking
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# Test latest available version online
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# Can be skipped by creating a 'opt-out'-named dummy file aside apkovl file
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[ -f "${ovlpath}/opt-out" ] || _tst_version &
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[ -f "${ovlpath}"/opt-out ] || _tst_version &
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# setup sshd unless unattended.sh script prevents it
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grep -q "^#NO_SSH$" "${ovlpath}/unattended.sh" > /dev/null 2>&1 \
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grep -q "^#NO_SSH$" "${ovlpath}"/unattended.sh > /dev/null 2>&1 \
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|| _setup_sshd
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_prep_cleanup
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@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ cat <<-EOF > /tmp/ANSWERFILE
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# trick setup-alpine to pretend existing SSH connection
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# and therefore keep (do not reset) network interfaces while running in background
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# requires alpine-conf 3.15.1 and later, available from Alpine 3.17
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SSH_CONNECTION="FAKE" setup-alpine -ef /tmp/ANSWERFILE
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lbu commit -d
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Loading…
Reference in New Issue